Latching mechanism



Nov. 7, 1944. w. A. ENDTER 2,362,256

LATCHING MECHANISM Filed March 17, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l III an Ill.

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IN V EN TOR.

drroem x Nov.'7, 1944. w. A. ENDTER LATCHI NG MECHANISM Filed March 17, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 W4 1. DEM/7Q A.EVOTE;Q,

l N V E N TO R ATTORNEY.

Patented Nov. 7, 1944 Larcnmc Mechanism Waldemar A. Endter, Long Beach, Calif. Application March 17, 1944, Serial No. 526,914

24 Claims.

This invention has for its general purpose to simplify the construction and operation of latch mechanisms of the type in'which a bolt element is urged in engagement with a keeper by bolt advancing means such as a cam, and such means is releasable from holding relation to the bolt by a manually controlled retracting device. More particularly, the invention aims to simplify the structure, and arrangement of the retracting device in the latch assembly, and to provide an improved bolt advancing cam mechanism characterized by its capacity for self-locking against accidental retraction or retrograde movement.

While the invention is applicable to latch mech anisms of various specific kinds and forms, it is particularly adaptable to rotarybolt latches or looks and accordingly will be described typically with reference thereto. It may bestated generally concerning rotary bolt latches of the type contemplated, that the bolt is urged in a latching direction by one or more spring-pressed cams retractible from holding relation to the bolt by a retracting device controllable as by the usual operators at the inside and outside of the door. Ordinarily the bolt and cam parts are carried by one flange or sectionof an angular case, and the releasing mechanism and operator connections are carried by a second flange or section of the case.

One of my major objects is to simplify in a manner adaptable to practical and low-cost manufacture, the arrangement of the bolt, cam means and cam retracting device within the case. In accordance with the invention, the retracting device comprises in its preferred form, a pivoted member mounted for rotation in a plane parallel to a plane of movement or rotation of the bolt, and desirably about the axis oibolt rotation, thus providing a simple and compact assemblage of the parts in the same section of the case. This same assemblage advantageously may include a safety catch device which also is retractible from its normal or projected position by the cam retractin member.

Another object of the invention is to provide The above-mentioned and various additional"- objects such as the provision of manually eontrolled locking means 1 adapted for cooperation with the parts assembled as described, will be 6X plained to better advantage in the detailed description to follow and by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

. its keeper;

the right, showing Fig. 1 is a sectionalview illustrating one form of the invention with the safety catch engaged and the rotary bolt in latched association with Fig. 2 is an elevation of Fig. 1 as viewed from the control mechanism at the inside;

Fig. 3 is a view showing the relative positions of the'bolt, cam and releasing plate atsubstanan improved cam device which, as stated before is self-locking. and is made so by a simple combination of the cam proper, and a holding or looking dog. V Acting in association with the cam and dog assembly, is a retracting means operable to release the dog from holding relation to the cam to then permit retraction of the cam. As will appear, the invention contemplates adapting the self-locking feature to either pivoted or reciprocally sliding types of cams.

tially the cam tripping positions;

Fig. 4 is a perspective of the cam and holding dog assembly;

Fig. 5 is a perspective of the releasing plate;

Fig. 6 is an outside view of an automobile door embodying a variational form of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a section on line 1-1 of Fig. 6, the deck portion of the latch mechanism appearing in dot-dash lines to expose the parts;

Fig. 8 is an inside view of the latch case .and its contained parts, taken from the right in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the position of the cam after tripping;

Fig. 10 is a further diagrammatic view illustrating the positions occupied by certain parts upon release of the cam lockingdog; and

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view of the keeper and bolt assembly taken as indicated by line H-ii inFig. 6.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, the latch mechanims comprises a case it having angular sections or flanges H and [2, the former carrying an outwardly projecting housing I 3 containing the assembly of parts shown in Fig. l. The housing l3 and its contained parts are movable between and in such relation to vertically spaced keeper parts consisting of lug i4 and the keeper l5, that in the latched position of the bolt l B, the top wall I! of the housing i3 is brought directly below and may be caused to bear against the under surface 18 of the lug It. The housing i 3 is open at its lower end, and has an outer wall i9 which, together with the case flange ll, supports certain of the housing-contained parts as will appear.

The rotary bolt l6 preferably is of the type arm engageable with the lower end i to release theholding dog 29 and elevate the as bolt is held against anti-latching rotation by a vertically movable cam and holding dog assembly, generally indicated at 22, the details of which are best illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5. The holding cam 22 has angular or turned portions :4 and 25 movable respectively along surface 28 of the housing and a guide 21 projecting outwardlyfrom the case flange H. Pivotally mounted on pin 28 within the cam 22 is a holding dog 29 having a rounded nose ll projecting through slot 3" and engageable with the housing surface 2. The cam and holding dog assembly is urged against the bolt I! by a coil spring 3! carried on a suitable support 32 and hearing at 33 against the top surface of the holding of the pivot 28.

The dog 29 is movable out of holding relation to the housing surface 26, to permit retractlve movement of the cam 22, by a plate 34 having a pair of projections 35 and 35 received within the dog 2! at a point to the right cam slot 21 above and below the dog 2!, the

under surface of the dog being recessed at 38 to relieve any binding in the dog engagement by the projection 35. From Fig. 1 it will be observed that the releasing plate 34 projects below the lower end of the cam 23, and that projections 35 and 38 are capable of within the cam slot 21 to cause, by the engagement of projection 35 against the under surface of the dog, the latter ward from tight or binding engagement with the housing surface 25, to release the cam 23-{or upward movement relative to the bolt.

The 1atch mechanism may include a safety catch 48 pivotally carried on pin 4i at'the outside of spring 3i and having a lug 42 projecting through slot 43 in the housing wall l1, into one of a series of notches 4, 5 and 45 in the under surface of the lug id, in accordance with the position of the, latch assembly relative to the keepers. This general type of safety catch and its various features and advantages are more particularly dealt with in my co-pending application, entitled Door latches, Ser. No. 511,940, filed November 27, 1943. The safety catch 43 is rotated to thrust lug d2 into the keeper recess, by a coil spring 5? bearing atdt against the housing at 59 against the safety catch element itself.

The cam, holding dog and plate assembl 2': is releasable for holding relation to the bolt l6 by a releasing plate mounted on shaft 2! for ro tation in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the bolt. The plate has an outwardly turned of plate 34 sembly 22,- as will presently appear. A second arm portion 52 of the plate 50 is turned or bent inwardly at 53 through an arcuate slot 54 in the case flange H, to brin thereof, as shown in Fig. 2. The plate 50 thus is capable of rotation about the shaft 2i with arm 52 swinging in a plane at the inside of the case flange. Counter-clockwise rotation of the releasing plate 50 from which the turnedportion 53 is stopped by engagement with the end of slot 54, is resisted by a coil spring 55 applied to the shaft 2| and bearing against the turned portion 53 of the arm.

Releasing plate 50 is adapted to be held in locked condition, i. e. against rotation to release either the bolt holding cam or safety catch, by a locking plate 59 confined at the inside of spring 3| for vertical sliding movement between guide 21 and the left side wall of the housing i3, the

sufllcient movement to be swung slightly upthe arm 52 at the inside the position of Fig. 1 inoperable from the support at 82. lying the guide 21, and is notched to provide at 52 a shoulder adapted to be thrust into the path or the releasing plate lug 51, upon downward displacement of the plate 59, to lock the releasin plate 5| against counter-clockwlserotatlon.

Referring now to Fig. 2 and the control mechanism inside the case, operation of the releasing plate 50 is controlled by a lever 52 plvotally supported on the case time I! by pin .4. Counterclockwlse rotation of the lever II is resisted by a coil spring 55 applied to the shaft 04 and bearin! against the lever at It. The lever u is operable by its pin and slot connection at 1 with link it connected in the conventional manner with the usual inside door handle. The lever 63 also is outside door handle by rotation of its spindle "I and resultant swinging of the spindle-carried arm as against the arm portion 1| 0! lever 5!. Upon counter-clockwise swin i g of lever 63 by operation of either the inside or outside door handles, the lever-carrier arm 1| engages the turned end in of the releasing plate arm 52, swin ing the plate 50 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 1. H

Operation of the locking plate 5! is controlled by a reciprocally movable bar 12 confined intermediate its ends within guide 13 and at its lower ends 12a within a guide structure 14. The bar 12 carries a pair of spaced lugs 15 and 15 engageable with a lug 11 integral with and projecting from the locking plate 59 through an opening in the case flange ll. Thusv upon downward movement of the bar 12 from the position of Fig. 2, the locking plate 59 is shifted down to a position bringing shoulder 62 into the path of a releasing plate lug 51, to lock the plate against its releasing or counterclockwise movement. Then upon elevation of the bar 12, lug 15 engages the lug 11 to return plate 59 to the position illustrated.

Bar 12 may be actuated by either or both an inside push-button connection or the usual outside key control. Thus the bar is shown to be connected at'18 with rod 19 leading to the push button so which may be manipulated to shift the bar, as described, to lock or release the parts. Similarly, a shaft 8i, operatively associated with the usual key tumbler (not shown) may carry an arm 82 which when swung down or clockwise, engages shoulder 83 on the bar 12 to shift the latter downwardly and displace plate 59 into looking position, as explained. Upon reverse rotation of shaft 8|, arm 62 engages shoulder 84 on the bar to shift the latter upward, causing lug 16 to engage and lift lug 11 to the locking plate releasing position.

InFigs. 6 to 11 I show a variational form of the invention diflering from the previously described embodiment in such respects as the employmentof a pivotally mounted cam, locking dog and releasing element assembly, and the association of the latch mechanism with a novel formof an outside handle or operator. Referring particularly to'Figs. '7, 8 and 11, the bolt,

generally indicated at 85, is of a usual form comprising inner and outer multi-headed sections 86 and 81 separated by a circular flange 88 contained within a circular opening 89 in the case section 90. The bolt is rotatable on a pin 9! supported by the usual outside bracket or semihousing 92, and at the inside by adeck 93 afilxed to the case and having the shape indicatedby the dot-dash outline in Fig. '7. The case section an in nuiflbfl in unned relation to the bolt 9.

hollow keeper proi'ection or lug 94, the under surface 95 of which presents a bearing shoulder engageable by the pillar-supported keeper- 98 when the latter is received between the bolt 85 and the lug .94, as shown in Fig. 11.

The bolt is urged in latching engagement with the keeper 90 by a cam 91 pivotally carried on a pin 98 terminally supported within the deck 93 and the outer portion of the keeper lug 94, as

.best illustrated in Fig. 8. A locking dog 99 pivotally carried on. the cam 91 by pin I00, is ,en-

' gageable with a stationary curved surface IM to hold the cam against retractive or retrograde movement, as will appear. Pin98 also carries an oscillatory element I 02 carrying a lug I03 projecting in overlying relation to the locking dog 99, andga second lug I04 adapted to be broughtinto engagement with the under-surface I of the dog 99'to release it from locking.engagement with surface IOI. Normally, the locking dog and cam 91 are urged in a bolt-advancing directionby aspring I05 placed about the pin .98 between the cam 9'! and element I02, the ends ,1 of the spring hearing at I06 against the upper edge of the element and at I! against the case flange I08. The spring pressure thus applied to the elementi02 urges its lug I03 against the locking dog 99, bringing th latter into engagement with the curved surface IN. The thrust applied to the locking dog is communicated through pin I00 to the cam 91, causing the latter surface of the keeper 96. When received within the keeper notch II3, lug III is in safety catch position, in advance of the tripping position of the cam. Upon advancement of the lug into notch H4, it occupies a further safety position substantially at or following tripping of the cam.

' Portion H0 of the safety catch is connected by member II with an inside Piece IIG carrying a depending arm III engageable, as will appear. by releasing plate to disengage th safety catch from the keeper. The safety catch assembly I09 is urged in a direction tending to maintain the lug III in the pathof the keeper 96, by a coil spring II8 bearing terminally at II9 against the inside" of the keeper projection 94 and at I against the part IIG.

The cam 91 and the sa ety catch are displaceable out of holding engagement respectively with the .bolt and stationary keeper, by a releasing plate I2I pivotally mounted on the bolt pin 9| at the inside of the deck 93. The releasing plate I2| carries a lug I22 engageable with the element I02 to swing the latter counter-clockwise. and

in'advance of the cam 91, to bring lug I 04 into releasing engagement with the dog 99. A s cond lug I23 carried by the releasing plate is engageable witharm II! to retract the safety'catch from the keeper notch II3 or H4.

' to release the cam and safety catch. Similar operation of the releasing plate is effected by lever I 21 pivotally mounted on pin I23 carried by the case section I03 and engageable beneath the lost motion connection by pin I24 and slot I25 between the retracting plate and link I20,

permits operation ,of the plate by lever I21 independently of the outside operator.

In considering the operation of the mechanism described thus far, assume the parts to be in I latched positions corresponding to Figs. 7 and 11 and that the'bolt is to be disengaged from the keeper. Clockwise rotation of the retracting plate I2'I by either the inside or outside operators first swings the element I02 a distance sufficient for lug I04 to swing dog 99 out of binding orholding engagement with the-stationary surface IOI. The cam 91 thereby becomes retractible, which movement i eifected by the engagement of lug I22 with the forward edge 91a of the cam. so that element I02 and the cam are swung together in a retracting direction against the resistance of spring I05, permitting the bolt 85 to rotate out of the keeper. During such rotation of the plate I2I, lug I 23 engages'arm II! to release the safety catch I09. The final or releas d positions of the parts are illustrated in Fig-f0, wherein the plate I2I is assumed to have been actuated by the inside operated lever I21.

Upon release of the operator controlling the plate I2I, spring I05, by virtue of the engagement of lug. I03 with the locking dog 99, returns the element I02; cam and locking dog assembly to positions substantially as shown in Fig. 7, except that both bolt heads I35 are engaged by the cam, there being no resistance to bolt rotation.

As the door is closed from open position, the bolt is rotated in a counter-clockwise direction by engagement with the keeper 90, and element Y I02, the cam andlocking dog are displaced by the bolt engagement to the cam tripping position, i. e. the position at which element I02. will have moved past the nose of the bolt head I35, followed by the cam 91. Fig. 9 illustrates the posi- Plate m is rotated clockw se in its cam m safety catch releasing operation, by either the inside or outside door handles or operators. An

arm extension I2Ia of the plate carries a rn received within slot I25 in a link I26 cont ol d at the outside of the door as will late appe r. At the present it will suffice to observe that upon downward movement of the link I26 from the position of Fig. 7, plate I2I is rotated clockwise 75 tions assumed by the parts just beyond the cam tripping position. Thereafter the cam is thrust against the bolt to urge itagainst the inclined keeper surface 96a, and the dog 99 is pressed into engagement with surface IOI to securely lock the'cam against anti-latching displacement as a result of any retractive bolt thrust.

Provision is made for locking plate I2I from either the inside or outside of the door, against retractive rotation. A locking lever I36 pivoted on pin I3I,carries .a lug I33 engageable in the locked position of the lever. shown in Fig. 7. with shoulder I 39 on the plate I2I to blockthe latter against releasing rotation. Lever I36 is operable by the inside push button rod I40 pivotally connected at I to the lever. the locked and released positions of the push .buttonrod being established by engagement of the pin at I with a detent spring I42, shaped as illustrated. and

supported at I43 inside the case. Lever I30 also is operable by rotation of spindle I44, see Fig. 8, of the key controlled plug Iin the outside of the door as shown in Fig. 6. Spindle I44 carries gear 'teeth I49 intermesh with teeth 556 of the gear segment on the outer end of arm I36, to throw lug I38 into or out of the path of plate I2I, as the case may be. In the event lever I36 is in its locked position when the door is open, the lever is displaceable out of the path of plate IN by virtue of the bolt rotation upon its engagement with the end of the keeper 96. Thus upon resultant clockwise rotation of the bolt as viewed in Fig. '7, head I35a engages the lever surface 6a, camming the lever downward a distance sufilcient for lug I38to clear the shoulder I39.

Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate the position of the latch mechanism within an automobile door I52 having a flange portion I53 in overlapping relation with the stationary pillar I54 which carries the keeper 96. These views also illustrate the operative association of the latch mechanism with a novel form of outside operator or handle, generally indicated at I55, differing characteristically from the ordinary outside handle in that it is adapted to the door contour or shape to avoid any outwardly projecting part. Here the handle comprises a press plate I56 contained within opening I51 in the bulge of the outer door wall I58, to which the plate is hinged at I59 for downward swinging movement at the outside of a curved shell I66. The latter is connected to wall I58 by and members I6I, the one of which appearing in Fig. '7 contains an arcuate slot I62 through which projects a pin I63 carried by the flange end I64 of the press plate I56. A spring I65 terminally engaging the pin I63 and wall I60, resists downward swinging of plate I56 about the hinge I59. Pin I63 pivotally carries the link I26 having the previously described connection with the releasing plate I2I.

To open the door at the outside, plate I56 is pressed downwardly within the door cavity I66, causing link I26 to rotate plate I2! in the cam and safety catch releasing direction. Spring I65 returns the plate I 56 to its normal illustrated posltion after pressure on the plate is released. When pressed downwardly within the cavity I66, the plate forms a convenient handle or grip for swinging the door. Wall I60, curving in close proximity to the edge of the press plate, serves as a finger guard and also as a means for preventing objects from becoming inserted in the cavity beneath the plate and therefore interferring with its operation.

I claim:

1. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable in a plane to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, means urging said bolt in a latching direction, and a member pivotally movable relative to said urging means in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of movement of the bolt and operable to release said means from said urging relation to the bolt.

2. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable in a plane to a position of latched engagement with a keeper. cam means for advancing said bolt in a latching direction, and a member pivotally movable relative to said cam means in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of movement of the bolt and operable to release said cam means from said advancing relationto the bolt.

3. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable in a plane to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, 9. safety catch movable between advanced and retracted positions, means urging said bolt in a latching direction, and means pivotally movmember pivotally movable in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of movement of the bolt and operable to release said cam means from said advancing relation to thebolt and operable also to move said safety catch from advanced to retracted position.

5. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable in a plane to -a position of latched engagement with a keeper, a safety catch movable between advanced and retracted positions, means urging said bolt in a latching direction, and means movable in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of movement of the bolt and operable to release said means from said urging relation to the bolt and operable also to move said safety catch from advanced to retracted position.

6. In a latch mechanism, a bolt pivotally movable in a plane of rotation to a position of latched engagement with a. keeper, means urging the bolt in a latching direction, and a member pivotally movable relative to said urging means in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of rotation of the bolt and operable to release said means from said urging relation to the bolt.

'7. In a latch mechanism, a bolt pivotally movable in a plane of rotation to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, cam means urging the bolt in a latching direction, and a member pivotally movable relative to said cam means about the axis of rotation of the bolt in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of rotation of the bolt and operable to release said cam means from said urging relation to the bolt.

8. In a. latch mechanism, a bolt pivotally movable in a plane of rotation to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, cam means urging the bolt in a latching direction, a safety catch pivotally movable in a plane substantially parallel to said plane between advanced and retracted positions, and a member pivotally movable in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of rotation of the bolt and operable, to release said cam means from said urging relation to the bolt and operable also to move said safety catch from advanced to retracted position.

9. In a latch mechanism, a bolt pivotally movable in a planeof rotation to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, means urging the bolt in a latching direction, a safety catch movable between advanced and retracted positions, and a member pivotally movable in a plane substantially parallel with saidplane of rotation of the bolt and operable to move said safety catch from advanced to retracted positions.

10. In a latch mechanism. a case having angularly disposed first and second sections. a rotary bolt carried by said first section and movable to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, means urging said bolt in a latching di-' means carried by said second section and engageable with said arm to actuate said member.

11. In a latch mechanism, a case having angularly disposed first andsecond sections, a rotary bolt pivotally carried by said first section and rotatable to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, cam means urging said bolt in a latching direction, a member pivotally carried by said first section and rotatable relative to the cam means about the bolt axis to engage and release said cam means from said urging relation to the bolt, an arm carried by said member and projecting through an opening in said first section, means carried by said second section and engageable with said arm to rotate said member in a cam-releasing direction, and means resisting rotation of the member in said direction.

12. In a latch mechanism, a case having angularly disposed first and second sections, a bolt pivotally carried by said first section and rotat-, able to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, cam means urging said bolt in a latching direction, a safety catch pivotally carried by said first section and rotatable between advanced and retracted positions, a member pivotally carried by said first section and rotatable to release said cam means from said urging relation to the. bolt and also to rotate said safety catch from ad vanced to retracted position, and means carried by said second section and operable to actuate said member in its rotative movement.

13. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable into latched engagement with a keeper, a cam movable to urge the bolt against the keeper, and a locking dog coacting with the cam to hold the cam against retrograde movement in its bolturging travel.

14. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable into latched engagement with a keeper, a cam mov-' able to urge the bolt against the keeper and to came against retrograde movement in its. bolturging travel, and means for sequentially releasing said locking dog and cam from their said holding relations to the cam and bolt respectively. 15. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable into latched engagement with a keeper, a cam movable to advance the bolt in a latching direction, a, support, and a locking dog carried by the cam and engageable with said support to prevent ret rograde movement of the cam in its bolt-advancing travel. v

16. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable into latched engagement with a keeper, a, cam enlatching direction, a support, and a locking dog co-acting with the cam and engageable with said support to prevent retrograde rotation of the cam in its bolt-urging travel.

19. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable into latched engagement with a keeper, a cam movable to advance the bolt in a latching direction,

a support, a locking dog pivotally connected to the cam and engageable with said support to prevent retrograde movement of the cam in its bolt-advancing travel, and a. spring acting against said dog to urge the cam in a bolt-advancing direction.

20. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable into latched engagement with a keeper, a cam movable to advance the bolt in a latching direction and operable to hold the bolt against reverse movement, a support, a locking dog pivotally connected to the cam and engageable with said support to hold the cam against retrograde movement, and means for sequentially releasing said locking dog and cam from their said holding relations to the cam and bolt respectively.

hold the bolt against anti-latching movement, a locking dog coacting with the cam to hold the gageable with the bolt to advance the bolt in a latching direction, a support, a locking dog engageable with said support to prevent retrograde movement of the cam in its bolt-advancing travel, and means pivotally connecting said cam and locking dog at a location ofiset from a line through their points of contact wlthsaid bolt '4 and support.

21. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable in a plane to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, a cam urging said bolt in a latching direction and holding the bolt against reverse,

movement, a locking dog coacting with the cam to hold the cam against retrograde movement, and a member pivotally movable in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of movement of the bolt and operable to release said cam and dog from their said holding relations to the bolt and cam respectively.

22. In a latch mechanism, a case having angularly disposed first and second sections, a bolt carried by said first section and movable to a position of. latched engagement with a keeper, a cam urging said bolt in a latching direction and holding the bolt against reverse movement, a locking dog coacting with the cam to hold the cam against retrograde movement, a retracting member carried by said first section and operable to release said cam'and dog from their said holding relations to the bolt and cam respectively, and means carried by said second section of the case and operable to actuate said retracting member.

23. In a latch mechanism, a case having angularly disposed first and second sections, a bolt a retracting member pivotally carried by said first section and rotatable to release said cam and dog from their said holding relations to the bolt and cam respectively, and means carried by said second section of the case and operable to rotate said retracting member.

24. In a latch mechanism, a bolt movable in a plane to a position of latched engagement with a keeper, means urging said bolt in a latching direction, a member pivotally movable relative to said urging means in a plane substantially parallel to said plane of movement of the bolt and operable to release said means from said urging relation to the bolt, and manually controlled means for locking said member against such releasing operation. t

WALDEMAR A. END'IER. 

